So / such

Qachon ishlatiladi

• Sayohat taassurotlaringizni do'stingizga aytganda

  Bukhara was such a beautiful city that we stayed an extra day.

  Buxoro shunday go'zal shahar ediki, yana bir kun qoldik.

• Nega biror ishni qila olmaganingizni tushuntirganda

  The queue was so long that we decided to leave.

  Navbat shunchalik uzun ediki, ketishga qaror qildik.

• Yordam bergan odamga minnatdorchilik bildirganda

  Thank you so much for all your help yesterday.

  Kechagi yordamingiz uchun katta rahmat.

• Restoran yoki mahsulot haqida onlayn sharh yozganda

  It was such a good meal that we came back the next evening.

  Ovqat shunday mazali ediki, ertasi kuni kechqurun yana keldik.

Tuzilishdagi asosiy farq

so dan keyin faqat sifat yoki ravish keladi - ot kelmaydi. such dan keyin esa ot iborasi keladi va agar ot sanaladigan birlik bo'lsa, a yoki an qo'shiladi. Shuning uchun "The film was so boring" va "It was such a boring film" bir xil ma'noni beradi, lekin tuzilishi butunlay boshqacha. Oddiy tekshirish usuli: gapda ot bormi? Bor bo'lsa such, yo'q bo'lsa so.

• The film was so boring. — Film shunchalik zerikarli edi.
• It was such a boring film. — Bu shunday zerikarli film edi.
• She speaks so quickly. — U shunchalik tez gapiradi.
• They are such kind people. — Ular shunday mehribon odamlar.

a va an qachon kerak

such dan keyin artikl qo'yish-qo'ymaslik otga bog'liq. Sanaladigan birlik ot bo'lsa a yoki an shart: such a good idea, such an interesting book. Ko'plik ot yoki sanalmaydigan ot bo'lsa artikl qo'yilmaydi: such good ideas, such bad weather, such nice furniture. Ba'zan sifat umuman bo'lmasligi mumkin: He is such a gentleman.

• That's such a good idea! — Bu shunday zo'r fikr!
• It was such an expensive restaurant. — Bu shunday qimmat restoran edi.
• We had such bad weather last week. — O'tgan hafta havo shunday yomon edi.
• They asked such difficult questions. — Ular shunday qiyin savollar berishdi.

so much, so many, so little, so few

Miqdor bilan ishlatilganda so tanlanadi, such emas. so many sanaladigan ko'plik otlar bilan, so much sanalmaydigan otlar bilan keladi. Xuddi shunday so few va so little ham ishlatiladi. Diqqat: bu yerda "so + miqdor so'zi" birikmasi ot bilan kelsa ham, biz baribir so ni ishlatamiz - chunki many va much aslida sifat vazifasini bajaradi. so much fe'l bilan ham keladi: Thank you so much.

• There were so many people at the concert. — Konsertda shunchalik ko'p odam bor edi.
• He spends so much money on clothes. — U kiyimga shunchalik ko'p pul sarflaydi.
• We had so little time to prepare. — Tayyorgarlik uchun vaqtimiz shunchalik oz edi.
• Thank you so much for your help! — Yordamingiz uchun katta rahmat!

Natija bildirish: so ... that / such ... that

Ikkala tuzilish ham that bilan davom ettirilib, natijani bildiradi: shunchalik kuchli ediki, natijada shu bo'ldi. So ... that va such ... that shaklidagi gaplar yozma uslubda juda ko'p uchraydi. So'zlashuvda that ko'pincha tushirib qoldiriladi va ma'no o'zgarmaydi: It was so cold we stayed inside. Bu tuzilish sabab-natija munosabatini ifodalashning eng tabiiy yo'llaridan biri.

• It was so cold that we stayed inside. — Shunchalik sovuq ediki, ichkarida qoldik.
• He is such a kind man that everyone likes him. — U shunday mehribon odamki, hamma uni yaxshi ko'radi.
• She spoke so quietly that nobody heard her. — U shunchalik sekin gapirdiki, uni hech kim eshitmadi.
• There was such a long queue that we left. — Navbat shunday uzun ediki, ketib qoldik.

so, such va very farqi

very ham kuchaytiradi, lekin u neytral - shunchaki darajani ko'rsatadi. so va such esa hissiyot qo'shadi va ko'pincha natija kutiladi. "The book is very interesting" - oddiy bayon. "The book is so interesting!" - hayajon. Shuning uchun so va such undov gaplarda va suhbatda ko'p ishlatiladi, rasmiy yozuvda esa very afzal ko'riladi. too so'zi esa butunlay boshqa ma'noni beradi - kerakdan ortiq, salbiy.

• The book is very interesting. — Kitob juda qiziqarli.
• The book is so interesting! — Kitob shunchalik qiziqarli!
• The coffee is too hot to drink. — Qahva ichish uchun juda issiq.
• It was such a lovely evening. — Bu shunday ajoyib oqshom edi.

Ko'p uchraydigan xatolar

• It was so a beautiful day.

  It was such a beautiful day.

  Ot bor bo'lganda so emas, such ishlatiladi.

• The test was such difficult.

  The test was so difficult.

  Ot yo'q, faqat sifat bor - shuning uchun so kerak.

• There were such many people.

  There were so many people.

  many va much bilan doim so ishlatiladi.

• They are such a nice people.

  They are such nice people.

  Ot ko'plikda bo'lgani uchun a artikli qo'yilmaydi.

Maslahatlar

• Tez tekshiruv: gapda ot bormi? Bor - such, yo'q - so.
• such a faqat sanaladigan birlik otlar bilan; ko'plik va sanalmaydigan otlarda artikl yo'q.
• many, much, few, little bilan doim so ishlatiladi.
• so ... that va such ... that - natija bildirishning eng qulay tuzilishi.

Mashqlar