Comparative adjectives

Qachon ishlatiladi

• Do'konda ikki telefonni taqqoslab tanlaganda

  This phone is cheaper, but the other one has a better camera.

  Bu telefon arzonroq, lekin anavisining kamerasi yaxshiroq.

• Ikki shahar yoki mamlakatni solishtirganda

  Tashkent is bigger and busier than my home town.

  Toshkent mening shahrimdan kattaroq va sertashvishroq.

• Mehmonxona yoki kvartira tanlayotganda

  The second flat is smaller but much closer to the metro.

  Ikkinchi kvartira kichikroq, lekin metroga ancha yaqinroq.

• Oila a'zolaringizni tasvirlaganda

  My younger sister is taller than me now.

  Singlim hozir mendan balandroq.

• IELTS Speaking'da o'tmish va bugunni taqqoslaganda

  Life today is easier than it was twenty years ago.

  Bugungi hayot yigirma yil oldingidan osonroq.

Qisqa sifatlar: -er

Bir bo'g'inli sifatlarga -er qo'shiladi: old - older, cheap - cheaper, small - smaller. Sifat -e bilan tugasa faqat -r qo'shiladi: nice - nicer. Bitta unli va bitta undosh bilan tugasa, undosh ikkilanadi: big - bigger, hot - hotter, thin - thinner. Undoshdan keyin -y kelsa, -y tushib -ier bo'ladi: easy - easier, happy - happier. Bu qoida ikki bo'g'inli -y sifatlarga ham tegishli.

• My brother is taller than me. — Akam mendan balandroq.
• Today is hotter than yesterday. — Bugun kechagidan issiqroq.
• This exercise is easier than the last one. — Bu mashq oldingisidan osonroq.
• Her new phone is cheaper than mine. — Uning yangi telefoni menikidan arzonroq.

Uzun sifatlar: more

Ikki va undan ko'p bo'g'inli sifatlar oldiga more qo'yiladi: more expensive, more interesting, more difficult, more beautiful. Bunday sifatlarga -er qo'shilmaydi. Ikkalasini birga ishlatish ham xato: more bigger deyilmaydi. -y bilan tugagan ikki bo'g'inli sifatlar esa istisno va -ier oladi.

• This book is more interesting than that one. — Bu kitob anavisidan qiziqarliroq.
• Life in the city is more expensive. — Shahardagi hayot qimmatroq.
• She is more careful than her brother. — U akasidan ehtiyotkorroq.
• The second question was more difficult. — Ikkinchi savol qiyinroq edi.

Qoidasiz shakllar

Bir nechta muhim sifat umuman boshqa shaklga o'tadi va ularni yodlash kerak: good - better, bad - worse, far - further yoki farther, little - less, much/many - more. Bu shakllar bilan more ishlatilmaydi: more better xato. better va worse eng ko'p uchraydigan ikkitasi.

• This film is better than the last one. — Bu film oldingisidan yaxshiroq.
• His English is worse than mine. — Uning inglizchasi menikidan yomonroq.
• The station is further than I thought. — Bekat men o'ylaganimdan uzoqroq.
• I have more free time this year. — Bu yil menda ko'proq bo'sh vaqt bor.

than va taqqoslash gaplari

Solishtirilayotgan ikkinchi narsa than so'zi bilan qo'shiladi: bigger than, more useful than. O'zbek tilidagi -dan qo'shimchasi ta'sirida from ishlatish xato. Rasmiy nutqda than dan keyin ega olmoshi keladi (taller than I am), lekin kundalik nutqda to'ldiruvchi olmosh oddiy holdir: taller than me. Agar ikkinchi qism kontekstdan tushunarli bo'lsa, uni tushirib qoldirish mumkin: This one is cheaper.

• Tashkent is bigger than Bukhara. — Toshkent Buxorodan kattaroq.
• He works harder than his colleagues. — U hamkasblaridan ko'ra ko'proq ishlaydi.
• This road is safer than the old one. — Bu yo'l eskisidan xavfsizroq.
• I need a bigger bag. — Menga kattaroq sumka kerak.

as ... as va kuchaytiruvchi so'zlar

Ikki narsa teng bo'lsa as ... as ishlatiladi: She is as tall as her sister. Inkorda not as ... as farqni bildiradi: This book isn't as interesting as that one. Farqning darajasini ko'rsatish uchun much, a lot, a bit, a little so'zlari qo'shiladi: much better, a bit colder. very so'zi qiyosiy daraja bilan ishlatilmaydi.

• She is as tall as her sister. — U opasi bilan bir xil bo'yda.
• This hotel isn't as clean as the other one. — Bu mehmonxona boshqasi kabi toza emas.
• Today is much colder than yesterday. — Bugun kechagidan ancha sovuqroq.
• My new job is a bit easier. — Yangi ishim biroz osonroq.

Ko'p uchraydigan xatolar

• He is taller from his father.

  He is taller than his father.

  Solishtirishda than ishlatiladi; from o'zbek tilidagi -dan ta'sirida kelib chiqqan xato.

• This is more cheaper.

  This is cheaper.

  more va -er birga ishlatilmaydi, faqat bittasi tanlanadi.

• My English is more good now.

  My English is better now.

  good qoidasiz sifat, uning qiyosiy shakli better.

• This exercise is difficulter.

  This exercise is more difficult.

  Uch bo'g'inli uzun sifatga -er qo'shilmaydi, more ishlatiladi.

Maslahatlar

• Bo'g'inni sanang: bitta bo'g'in - -er, uch va undan ko'p bo'g'in - more.
• -y bilan tugagan sifatlar -ier oladi: easy - easier, busy - busier.
• Farqni kuchaytirish uchun much yoki a bit qo'shing: much better, a bit hotter.
• Tenglik uchun as ... as: as fast as, as good as.

Mashqlar