Question tags

Qachon ishlatiladi

• Notanish odam bilan navbatda turib suhbat boshlaganda

  Lovely weather today, isn't it?

  Bugun havo ajoyib-a?

• Ma'lumotni ehtiyotkorlik bilan tasdiqlatib olganda

  The meeting starts at ten, doesn't it?

  Yig'ilish soat o'nda boshlanadi, shundaymi?

• Do'stingizdan xushmuomalalik bilan yordam so'raganda

  You couldn't give me a lift to the station, could you?

  Meni bekatgacha olib bora olmaysizmi?

• Birgalikda biror ishni qilishni taklif qilganda

  Let's order some food, shall we?

  Ovqat buyurtma qilaylik, yaxshimi?

Asosiy qoida: qarama-qarshilik

Ilova savolning birinchi qoidasi oddiy: gap tasdiq bo'lsa tag inkor bo'ladi, gap inkor bo'lsa tag tasdiq bo'ladi. Tagda gapdagi yordamchi fe'l takrorlanadi va undan keyin olmosh keladi. Gapda yordamchi fe'l bo'lmasa (Present Simple va Past Simple da), do, does yoki did ishlatiladi. Tag oldidan doim vergul qo'yiladi va gap savol belgisi bilan tugaydi.

• You are a student, aren't you? — Siz talabasiz, shundaymi?
• She doesn't smoke, does she? — U chekmaydi, shundaymi?
• They went home, didn't they? — Ular uyga ketishdi, shundaymi?
• He can drive, can't he? — U mashina hayday oladi, shundaymi?

Olmoshni to'g'ri tanlash

Tagda doim olmosh ishlatiladi, hech qachon ot emas: "Ali is here, isn't he?" deymiz, "isn't Ali?" demaymiz. Egasi nobody, somebody, everyone kabi so'z bo'lsa, tagda they ishlatiladi: Someone called, didn't they? Egasi nothing, everything bo'lsa esa it ishlatiladi: Nothing happened, did it? This va that ham tagda it ga aylanadi: That's your car, isn't it?

• Ali is here, isn't he? — Ali shu yerda, shundaymi?
• Somebody called you, didn't they? — Kimdir sizga qo'ng'iroq qildi, shundaymi?
• Nothing happened, did it? — Hech narsa bo'lmadi, shundaymi?
• That's your car, isn't it? — Bu sizning mashinangiz, shundaymi?

Yashirin inkorlar

Ba'zi so'zlar not so'zisiz ham gapni inkor qiladi: never, nothing, nobody, no one, hardly, rarely, seldom, few, little. Bunday gaplar inkor hisoblangani uchun tag tasdiq bo'ladi. Masalan: He never calls, does he? Bu qoida ko'pchilikni chalkashtiradi, chunki gapda not so'zi ko'rinmaydi. Shuning uchun gapning ma'nosiga qarang, shakliga emas.

• He never calls, does he? — U hech qachon qo'ng'iroq qilmaydi, shundaymi?
• Nobody knew the answer, did they? — Hech kim javobni bilmasdi, shundaymi?
• There is hardly any milk left, is there? — Sut deyarli qolmadi, shundaymi?
• She has nothing to do, does she? — Uning qiladigan ishi yo'q, shundaymi?

Istisnolar

Uchta istisnoni alohida yodlash kerak. Birinchidan, I am bilan tag aren't I? bo'ladi - amn't degan so'z ingliz tilida yo'q. Ikkinchidan, buyruq gaplardan keyin will you? yoki can you? ishlatiladi: Close the door, will you? Uchinchidan, Let's bilan boshlangan taklifdan keyin shall we? keladi. Shuningdek there is / there are bilan tagda ham there saqlanadi: There is a problem, isn't there?

• I'm right, aren't I? — Men haqman, shundaymi?
• Let's go out, shall we? — Chiqaylik, yaxshimi?
• Close the window, will you? — Derazani yoping, maylimi?
• There isn't much time, is there? — Vaqt ko'p emas, shundaymi?

Ohang va ma'no

Ilova savolning ma'nosi ohangga bog'liq. Ovoz tag oxirida pasaysa, gapiruvchi javobni allaqachon biladi va shunchaki rozilik kutyapti - bu suhbatni davom ettirish usuli. Ovoz ko'tarilsa, bu haqiqiy savol bo'ladi: gapiruvchi ishonchi komil emas. Shuning uchun "Nice weather, isn't it?" - bu savol emas, bu suhbat boshlash. Yozuvda ohang ko'rinmaydi, shuning uchun kontekstga qarang.

• Nice weather, isn't it? — Havo yaxshi-a?
• You didn't take my pen, did you? — Ruchkamni olmadingizmi?
• You've met Aziz before, haven't you? — Siz Aziz bilan ilgari tanishgansiz, shundaymi?
• This isn't your first time here, is it? — Bu yerga birinchi marta kelmagansiz, shundaymi?

Ko'p uchraydigan xatolar

• You are coming, are you?

  You are coming, aren't you?

  Tasdiq gapdan keyin tag inkor bo'lishi kerak.

• Ali is a teacher, isn't Ali?

  Ali is a teacher, isn't he?

  Tagda ot emas, olmosh ishlatiladi.

• I'm late, amn't I?

  I'm late, aren't I?

  amn't shakli ingliz tilida mavjud emas; I am uchun aren't I ishlatiladi.

• He never comes, doesn't he?

  He never comes, does he?

  never gapni inkor qiladi, shuning uchun tag tasdiq bo'lishi kerak.

Maslahatlar

• Ikki qadamda tuzing: avval yordamchini toping, keyin uni teskari qiling.
• Yordamchi ko'rinmayaptimi? Demak do, does yoki did kerak.
• never, nothing, nobody, hardly - bular inkor, tag tasdiq bo'ladi.
• Uchta istisnoni yodlang: aren't I, will you, shall we.

Mashqlar