Verb to be (am / is / are)

Qachon ishlatiladi

• Ish suhbatida yoki yangi jamoada o'zini tanishtirganda

  My name is Aziz and I am a web designer.

  Mening ismim Aziz va men veb-dizaynerman.

• IELTS Speaking Part 1 da o'zi haqida qisqacha gapirganda

  I am from Uzbekistan and I am twenty years old.

  Men O'zbekistondanman va yigirma yoshdaman.

• Chegara nazoratida yoki mehmonxonada hujjat ko'rsatganda

  I am a tourist and this is my passport.

  Men turistman va bu mening pasportim.

• Shifokorga yoki o'qituvchiga ahvolini aytganda

  I am not well today, I am very tired.

  Bugun ahvolim yaxshi emas, men juda charchaganman.

Tasdiq shakli: am, is, are

to be fe'li ingliz tilidagi eng muhim fe'l. U ega qaysi shaxsda ekaniga qarab uchta shaklga bo'linadi: am, is, are. I bilan faqat am, he/she/it bilan is, you/we/they bilan esa are keladi. O'zbek tilida "Men talabaman" deganda alohida fe'l ko'rinmaydi, lekin inglizchada I am a student deb aytish shart. Og'zaki nutqda deyarli doim qisqartma ishlatiladi: I'm, you're, he's, she's, it's, we're, they're.

• I am a student. — Men talabaman.
• She is my sister. — U mening singlim.
• They are at home. — Ular uyda.
• We're ready now. — Biz hozir tayyormiz.

Inkor shakli

Inkor qilish uchun to be fe'lidan keyin not so'zi qo'shiladi. Boshqa fe'llardagi kabi don't yoki doesn't ishlatilmaydi - bu juda muhim farq. Qisqartmalar: is not = isn't, are not = aren't. am not ning qisqartmasi yo'q, shuning uchun I'm not deymiz.

• He is not (isn't) tired. — U charchagan emas.
• I'm not hungry. — Men och emasman.
• We aren't students. — Biz talaba emasmiz.
• This shop isn't open today. — Bu do'kon bugun ochiq emas.

So'roq va qisqa javob

So'roq gapda to be fe'li egadan oldinga chiqadi: Are you ready? Bu yerda ham do/does kerak emas. Qisqa javobda fe'l takrorlanadi: Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. Qisqa javobning ijobiy shaklida qisqartma ishlatilmaydi: Yes, I am deymiz, "Yes, I'm" emas.

• Are you ready? — Tayyormisiz?
• Is this your book? — Bu sizning kitobingizmi?
• Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. — Ha, shunday. / Yo'q, unday emas.
• Where is your father? — Otangiz qayerda?

to be qayerda ishlatiladi

to be fe'li ism va kasbni aytishda, yoshni bildirishda, joyni ko'rsatishda va holatni tasvirlashda kerak bo'ladi. Yosh aytilganda inglizchada have emas, be ishlatiladi: I am twenty. Shuningdek, sovuq, issiq, och, chanqagan kabi holatlar ham be bilan beriladi.

• My name is Aziz. — Mening ismim Aziz.
• I am twenty years old. — Men yigirma yoshdaman.
• The children are in the garden. — Bolalar bog'da.
• It is very cold today. — Bugun juda sovuq.

Og'zaki nutqda

Kundalik suhbatda inglizlar deyarli har doim qisqartmani ishlatadi. Yozma va rasmiy matnda esa to'liq shakl afzal. Ismdan keyin ham qisqartma eshitiladi: Ali's my friend - bu "Ali is my friend" degani, egalik emas. Gap oxirida esa qisqartma ishlatilmaydi.

• I'm from Uzbekistan. — Men O'zbekistondanman.
• She's a doctor and he's a driver. — U shifokor, u esa haydovchi.
• That's my house over there. — Anavi mening uyim.

Ko'p uchraydigan xatolar

• I student.

  I am a student.

  O'zbekchada fe'l ko'rinmaydi, lekin inglizchada am tushib qolmasligi kerak.

• She don't be tired.

  She isn't tired.

  to be fe'li bilan don't/doesn't ishlatilmaydi, faqat not qo'shiladi.

• I have twenty years old.

  I am twenty years old.

  Yosh aytilganda have emas, be fe'li kerak.

• You is my friend.

  You are my friend.

  you bilan birlikda ham, ko'plikda ham doim are ishlatiladi.

Maslahatlar

• am faqat I bilan, is faqat he/she/it bilan, qolgan hammasi bilan are.
• am not ning qisqartmasi yo'q: I'm not deymiz, "amn't" degan so'z yo'q.
• So'roqda faqat fe'l oldinga chiqadi, hech qanday yordamchi so'z qo'shilmaydi.
• Qisqa javobda qisqartma yo'q: Yes, I am (Yes, I'm emas).

Mashqlar