Be going to
Rejalashtirilgan kelajak: be going to
Oldindan o'ylangan reja, niyat va hozir ko'rinib turgan dalilga asoslangan bashorat uchun ishlatiladi. Kelajak haqida gapirishning eng keng tarqalgan yo'llaridan biri.
Qachon ishlatiladi
Ta'til rejalaringizni do'stingizga aytganda
We are going to spend a week in Bukhara this summer.
Bu yoz Buxoroda bir hafta o'tkazmoqchimiz.
Yangi yil maqsadlaringizni e'lon qilganda
I am going to learn English and pass the IELTS exam.
Ingliz tilini o'rganmoqchiman va IELTS imtihonini topshirmoqchiman.
Osmonga qarab yomg'irdan ogohlantirganda
Take an umbrella - it's going to rain.
Soyabon oling, yomg'ir yog'adi.
Ish joyida haftalik rejani muhokama qilganda
We are going to meet the client on Thursday morning.
Payshanba kuni ertalab mijoz bilan uchrashmoqchimiz.
Do'konga chiqishdan oldin nima olishni aytganda
I am going to buy some bread and milk.
Non va sut olmoqchiman.
Yasalishi
Bu tuzilma uch qismdan iborat: to be fe'lining hozirgi shakli, going to va asosiy fe'lning asl shakli. I bilan am, he/she/it bilan is, you/we/they bilan are ishlatiladi. Inkor uchun not qo'shiladi: I'm not going to, she isn't going to. So'roqda to be egadan oldinga chiqadi: Are you going to call him?
- I am going to study medicine. — Men tibbiyotni o'qimoqchiman.
- We are going to buy a car next year. — Kelasi yil mashina olmoqchimiz.
- She isn't going to come to the party. — U bazmga kelmaydi.
- Are you going to watch the match tonight? — Bugun kechqurun o'yinni ko'rasizmi?
| Ega | Shakl | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| I | am going to | I am going to rest. |
| he / she / it | is going to | He is going to call. |
| you / we / they | are going to | They are going to leave. |
| inkor | am/is/are not going to | We aren't going to wait. |
Reja va niyat
Agar qaror gapirishdan oldin qabul qilingan bo'lsa, going to ishlatiladi. Ya'ni rejani allaqachon o'ylab qo'ygansiz. Shuning uchun bu tuzilma kelajakdagi ishlar, ta'til rejalari va maqsadlar haqida gapirganda juda ko'p uchraydi. Vaqt ifodalari: tomorrow, next week, this summer, in two days.
- I am going to visit my uncle this weekend. — Shu dam olish kunlari tog'amnikiga bormoqchiman.
- They are going to move to a new flat. — Ular yangi kvartiraga ko'chmoqchi.
- He is going to look for a new job. — U yangi ish qidirmoqchi.
- What are you going to do after the lesson? — Darsdan keyin nima qilmoqchisiz?
Dalilga asoslangan bashorat
Hozir ko'rinib turgan belgi asosida kelajakni aytganda ham going to ishlatiladi. Bunda siz shunchaki taxmin qilmaysiz, balki dalilni ko'rib turibsiz: qora bulutlar, yiqilayotgan odam, bo'sh benzin baki. Gapda ko'pincha Look! yoki Be careful! kabi so'zlar uchraydi.
- Look at those clouds! It's going to rain. — Anavi bulutlarga qarang! Yomg'ir yog'adi.
- Be careful! You're going to fall. — Ehtiyot bo'ling! Yiqilasiz.
- The car is going to break down soon. — Mashina tez orada buziladi.
- She is going to have a baby in May. — U may oyida farzand ko'radi.
going to va will farqi
going to - oldindan tayyor reja, will - gapirish paytida qabul qilingan qaror. Masalan, telefon jiringlaganda I'll answer it deysiz, chunki qaror shu daqiqada tug'ildi. Agar ertalabdan beri rejalashtirgan bo'lsangiz, I'm going to call him bo'ladi. Bashoratda ham farq bor: dalil ko'rinib tursa going to, shaxsiy fikr bo'lsa will ishlatiladi.
- I'm going to cook dinner tonight. I bought everything. — Bugun kechqurun ovqat tayyorlamoqchiman. Hammasini sotib oldim.
- The phone is ringing. - OK, I'll answer it. — Telefon jiringlayapti. - Mayli, men ko'taraman.
- I think he will win the game. — Menimcha, u o'yinda yutadi.
- He is losing badly. He's going to lose the game. — U qattiq yutqizyapti. O'yinni boy beradi.
| Holat | Qaysi shakl | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| oldindan tayyor reja | going to | We're going to travel. |
| shu daqiqadagi qaror | will | I'll help you. |
| ko'rinib turgan dalil | going to | It's going to rain. |
| shaxsiy fikr, taxmin | will | I think it will rain. |
Foydali qo'shimchalar
Agar asosiy fe'l go yoki come bo'lsa, going to go o'rniga ko'pincha shunchaki Present Continuous ishlatiladi: I'm going to the cinema tonight. Og'zaki nutqda going to tez aytilganda gonna kabi eshitiladi, lekin yozma nutqda bunday yozilmaydi. O'tgan zamonda reja was/were going to shaklida beriladi: I was going to call you.
- I'm going to the cinema tonight. — Bugun kechqurun kinoga boraman.
- We were going to visit them, but we were too busy. — Ularnikiga bormoqchi edik, lekin juda band edik.
- Are they going to come with us? — Ular biz bilan kelishadimi?
- I'm not going to say anything about it. — Bu haqda hech narsa demoqchi emasman.
Ko'p uchraydigan xatolar
I going to call him.
I am going to call him.
am/is/are qismini tushirib qoldirish mumkin emas.
She is going to studies English.
She is going to study English.
going to dan keyin fe'l doim asl shaklda bo'ladi.
Do you going to come?
Are you going to come?
So'roqda do emas, to be fe'li oldinga chiqadi.
Look at the sky! It will rain.
Look at the sky! It's going to rain.
Ko'rinib turgan dalil asosidagi bashoratda going to ishlatiladi.
Maslahatlar
- going to dan keyin doim fe'lning asl shakli keladi: going to go, going to eat.
- will - shu daqiqadagi qaror, going to - oldindan tayyor reja.
- go fe'li bilan going to go o'rniga Present Continuous ishlating: I'm going to Samarkand.
- O'tmishdagi amalga oshmagan reja: I was going to call, but I forgot.
Mashqlar
I ___ going to visit my aunt tomorrow.
She ___ going to take the exam in June.
We ___ going to travel this summer.
They are going to ___ a new flat.
Look at the sky! It ___ rain.
___ you going to call him tonight?
He ___ going to work on Sunday. He wants to rest.
Be careful! You ___ drop the glass.
We've already booked the tickets. We ___ fly to Istanbul.
What ___ you going to do after school?
The phone is ringing. - Wait, I ___ answer it.
I was ___ to call you, but my phone died.