Schwa /ə/ and weak forms

Shva /ə/ va kuchsiz shakllar

Shva /ə/ — ingliz tilidagi eng ko'p uchraydigan tovush. Bu bo'shashgan, qisqa, urg'usiz "ə" tovushi bo'lib, og'iz deyarli harakat qilmaydi. Urg'usiz bo'g'inlarda (about, teacher, banana) va gapdagi yordamchi so'zlarda (a, the, to, of, and, can, was, for) ko'pincha shva aytiladi. Masalan, "I can swim" da "can" /kən/ bo'ladi, "a cup of tea" da "of" /əv/ bo'ladi. Kuchsiz shakllarni ishlatsangiz, nutqingiz ancha ravon va tabiiy eshitiladi.

Tipik xato: O'zbek so'zlovchilari har bir unlini yozilishi bo'yicha to'liq aytadi: "to" ni /tuː/, "for" ni /fɔː/, "teacher" ni "ti-cher" deb. Bu nutqni sekin va robotga o'xshash qiladi.

Misollar

  • about /əˈbaʊt/

    Birinchi "a" shva.

  • teacher /ˈtiːtʃə/

    Oxirgi bo'g'in /ə/, "er" to'liq aytilmaydi.

  • a cup of tea /ə ˈkʌp əv ˈtiː/

    "a" va "of" kuchsiz.

  • I want to go /aɪ ˈwɒnt tə ˈɡəʊ/

    "to" = /tə/.

  • I can swim /aɪ kən ˈswɪm/

    Tasdiqda "can" kuchsiz; inkorda "can't" kuchli.

  • fish and chips /ˈfɪʃ ən ˈtʃɪps/

    "and" = /ən/.

  • It was great /ɪt wəz ˈɡreɪt/

    "was" = /wəz/.

  • for a while /fər ə ˈwaɪl/

    "for" va "a" ikkalasi kuchsiz.

  • Yes, I can. /ˈjes aɪ ˈkæn/

    Gap oxirida kuchli shakl ishlatiladi.

Mashq: ovoz chiqarib o'qing va yozib oling

  • I'd like a cup of tea and a piece of cake.

  • I was waiting for a bus for about an hour.

  • She can speak three languages, but I can't.

  • I want to go to the cinema at the weekend.

  • What are you going to do after the exam?

  • My teacher was one of the kindest people I've ever met.

  • There's a lot of traffic in the centre of the city.