Short vs long vowels: /ɪ/–/iː/ and /ʊ/–/uː/

Qisqa va cho'ziq unlilar: /ɪ/–/iː/ va /ʊ/–/uː/

O'zbek tilida unlilarning uzun-qisqaligi ma'noni o'zgartirmaydi, ingliz tilida esa o'zgartiradi. /iː/ (sheep) uzun va lablar sal tabassum qilgandek cho'ziladi; /ɪ/ (ship) qisqa, bo'shashgan va "i" bilan "e" o'rtasiga yaqin. /uː/ (pool) uzun, lablar dumaloq va oldinga; /ʊ/ (pull) qisqa, lablar bo'shroq. Faqat uzunlik emas, og'iz shakli ham farq qiladi — qisqa unlilarda mushaklar bo'shashgan bo'ladi.

Tipik xato: Hamma "i" larni bir xil o'rtacha uzunlikda aytish: "live" va "leave", "full" va "fool" bir xil eshitiladi. Ba'zan "sheet", "beach" kabi so'zlarda qisqa aytish noqulay tushunmovchilikka olib keladi.

Misollar

  • ship /ʃɪp/ – sheep /ʃiːp/

    Qisqa va bo'shashgan vs uzun va tarang.

  • live /lɪv/ – leave /liːv/

    "Where do you live?" — qisqa aytilsin.

  • full /fʊl/ – fool /fuːl/

    /ʊ/ qisqa, lablar bo'sh.

  • look /lʊk/

    "lu:k" emas — qisqa.

  • good /ɡʊd/

    Qisqa /ʊ/.

  • food /fuːd/

    Uzun /uː/.

  • women /ˈwɪmɪn/

    Yozilishi "o" bo'lsa ham /ɪ/ aytiladi.

  • people /ˈpiːpl/

    Birinchi bo'g'in uzun.

Minimal juftliklar

  • ship / sheep
  • live / leave
  • sit / seat
  • fill / feel
  • hit / heat
  • bit / beat
  • full / fool
  • pull / pool
  • look / Luke
  • could / cooed

Mashq: ovoz chiqarib o'qing va yozib oling

  • Please sit in this seat by the window.

  • I live near the city, but I'd like to leave one day.

  • The food was good, but I was too full to finish it.

  • Could you look at this book for me?

  • We need to meet at the beach at three.

  • It's a bit cold, so I think I'll keep my coat on.

  • The pool is full of people in the summer.